Understanding Erectile Dysfunction: All You Need To Know

According to a 2017 study, erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent issue in New Zealand, affecting approximately one in three men aged between 40 and 70. This prevalence is comparable to rates in other countries, yet it remains a noteworthy health concern.

What is Erectile Dysfunction?

Erectile dysfunction (ED), formerly referred to as impotence, is characterised by the inability to achieve or maintain a robust penile erection suitable for satisfactory sexual intercourse. This condition can significantly impact one’s quality of life and relationships.

ED is a widespread issue among men in New Zealand and globally. The International Journal of Impotence Research predicts that the worldwide incidence of erectile dysfunction will rise to 322 million men by 2025.

Let’s explore its types, causes, risk factors, and symptoms to enhance your understanding of this condition.

Types of Erectile Dysfunction

Healthcare professionals at Cleveland Clinic categorise ED into several types:

Vascular erectile dysfunction – This most common type arises from issues affecting the blood vessels that supply blood to the penile tissues responsible for erection, or those impacting the valves that control blood flow in the penis.

Neurogenic erectile dysfunction – Results from nerve-related issues that disrupt the transmission of signals from the brain to the penis, often due to factors such as trauma, pelvic surgery, radiation therapy, or neurological disorders like stroke, spinal stenosis, and Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Hormonal erectile dysfunction – Occurs due to testosterone deficiency or, in some cases, thyroid disorders.

Psychogenic erectile dysfunction – Linked to psychological conditions affecting thoughts, feelings, or behaviour and can lead to ED.

Common Causes and Risk Factors of Erectile Dysfunction

ED can result from a variety of causes, encompassing physical, neurological, psychological, and relationship issues, often in combination. Identifying the underlying cause is crucial for determining the most effective treatment.

What Causes Erectile Dysfunction?

Physical Causes:

Medical conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, and hormonal imbalances.

Neurological conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease.

Medical treatments, including prostate surgery and radiation therapy for cancer.

Certain prescription medications, including antidepressants and blood pressure medications, may cause ED as a side effect.

Psychological Causes:

Anxiety, depression, and stress.

Mental health issues can interfere with sexual function by affecting the brain’s ability to signal sexual arousal to the body.

Relationship Factors:

Poor communication, infidelity, and lack of intimacy can lead to ED by creating stress and tension.

Lifestyle Factors:

Obesity, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption are linked to a higher risk of ED.

A sedentary lifestyle and poor diet increase the risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, which can contribute to ED.

In certain cases, ED may result from a combination of physical and psychological factors. For example, a person with diabetes might experience ED due to nerve damage and impaired blood flow to the penis, compounded by psychological stress related to their condition.

Age is another risk factor, with ED becoming more common as men age. However, it’s important to note that ED isn’t an inevitable part of aging and can often be treated successfully.

In summary, ED can be an indicator of an underlying medical condition. By understanding the root causes, men can take proactive steps toward effective treatment. Consulting with a healthcare provider and addressing any underlying medical or psychological factors can help men improve their sexual health and overall well-being.

Signs and Symptoms to Watch for

Recognising the signs of erectile dysfunction (ED) is the first step toward addressing the issue. It’s not always as straightforward as it might seem. Here are some symptoms to be mindful of:

Occasionally encountering difficulty in achieving an erection before sexual intercourse.

Achieving an erection before sexual intercourse but struggling to sustain it during intercourse.

Complete inability to achieve an erection.

Requiring significant stimulation to maintain an erection.

Additionally, you might notice a reduced desire for sex, potentially related to ED or a separate condition known as low libido. Sometimes, men experience both simultaneously.

It’s crucial to pay attention to any changes in your sexual function. If you’re consistently having trouble with erections, it’s worth discussing with a healthcare provider.

Treatment Options for Erectile Dysfunction

Depending on the cause and severity of your erectile dysfunction, as well as any underlying health conditions, various treatment options are available. Your doctor will discuss the risks and benefits of each treatment, considering both your preferences and, potentially, those of your partner.

Lifestyle Changes and Home Remedies

Simple changes to your daily habits can significantly contribute to managing ED and improving overall health. Regular exercise is a great starting point, as it enhances blood flow throughout the body, including to the penis. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate activity most days of the week.

A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help maintain a healthy weight and enhance cardiovascular health, which positively impacts erectile function. Stress management techniques like meditation, deep breathing, or yoga can also aid in reducing anxiety, potentially resolving ED. Sufficient sleep is equally important for managing stress levels.

Medical Treatments and Therapies

When lifestyle changes alone aren’t sufficient, several medical treatments are available. Your options may include:

Oral drugs or pills known as phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors, such as avanafil, sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), and vardenafil (Levitra), which are commonly prescribed.

Testosterone Therapy, administered when low testosterone levels are detected through blood testing.

Penile Injections (ICI, intracavernosal Alprostadil).

Intraurethral medication (IU, Alprostadil).

Vacuum Erection Devices.

Penile Implants.

In some cases, surgery to bypass penile artery damage may be appropriate, particularly for younger men with a history of severe pelvic trauma, though penile vascular surgery is not recommended for older men with hardened arteries.

It’s essential to discuss all options with your healthcare provider to determine the most suitable treatment for your specific situation. Remember, what works for one individual may not be the ideal choice for another.

Seeking Professional Help

While it can feel uncomfortable to discuss ED, seeking professional help is often the most effective way to address the issue.

When to Consult a Doctor

It’s time to consult a doctor if ED becomes a persistent problem. Don’t wait until it severely impacts your quality of life or relationships.

If you’re experiencing ED along with other symptoms like reduced libido, premature or delayed ejaculation, or pain during sex, it’s important to seek medical advice. These could signal an underlying health condition that needs attention.

For men with chronic health conditions like diabetes or heart disease, regular check-ups should include discussions about sexual health. ED can sometimes be an early warning sign of more serious health issues.

Remember, there’s no need to feel embarrassed. Doctors are trained professionals who deal with these issues regularly and can offer valuable help and support.

Starting Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction

Embarking on your journey toward better sexual health doesn’t have to be daunting. At Holmen’s Health, our dedicated team is here to guide you every step of the way. Initiating treatment is a proactive step that prioritises your well-being and works toward resolving erectile dysfunction effectively.

Here’s how you can get started:

Recognise the Signs: Understand your symptoms and decide to seek professional guidance. This is the first and most vital step toward finding a treatment option that works for you.

Schedule Your Appointment: Book an appointment with us for comprehensive consultations tailored to your unique needs. We’ll work together to explore the most suitable treatment options.

Personalised Care: Our medical team will assess your health status, discuss potential treatment plans, and devise a personalised approach for optimal outcomes.

Don’t wait to address your concerns—start your journey with Holmen’s Health today. By prioritising your sexual health, you’re investing in a healthier, more fulfilling future.